See toyenes in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
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],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
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},
{
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},
{
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},
{
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
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},
{
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]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
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{
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"Towards, with hostility; against."
],
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[
"hostility",
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],
[
"against",
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},
{
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"In defence against."
],
"id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-rso49lyf",
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[
"defence",
"defence"
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]
},
{
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"In opposition to something, often for moral or philosophical reasons."
],
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[
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},
{
"glosses": [
"Placed in physical proximity to; abutting."
],
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"proximity",
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],
[
"abutting",
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},
{
"glosses": [
"In the presence of."
],
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[
"presence",
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]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Facing towards something."
],
"id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-f-eZ0CgD"
},
{
"glosses": [
"On the topic of; concerning."
],
"id": "en-toyenes-enm-prep-w9dJLGVP",
"links": [
[
"topic",
"topic"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
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}
],
"word": "toyenes"
}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
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"2": "ang",
"3": "tōgeagnes"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝennes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝaines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝæines",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
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"alternative"
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{
"form": "toȝenste",
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"pos": "adv",
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{
"glosses": [
"As part of an exchange; in reply, in return."
],
"id": "en-toyenes-enm-adv-yy7mAxcf",
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[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"reply",
"reply"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
]
},
{
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{
"_dis": "30 37 0 1 2 3 12 3 4 7",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [
"Entries with incorrect language header",
"Entry maintenance"
],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "12 29 6 6 7 9 8 4 6 13",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English prepositions",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "34 43 0 1 2 3 7 2 4 5",
"kind": "other",
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"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "33 45 0 1 2 1 13 1 2 2",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
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"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"Prior to; before."
],
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[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
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}
{
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tōgeagnes"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝens",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝennes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝaines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝanes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝæines",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
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]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
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"alternative"
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},
{
"form": "togenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
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},
"expansion": "toyenes",
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],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "conj",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Until."
],
"id": "en-toyenes-enm-conj-dTo7ibS1",
"links": [
[
"Until",
"until"
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],
"related": [
{
"word": "toayens"
},
{
"word": "toyen"
}
]
}
],
"word": "toyenes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English conjunctions",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
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{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "tōgeagnes"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyans",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝennes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝaines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝæines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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},
"expansion": "toyenes",
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}
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"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "prep",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Towards, with hostility; against."
],
"links": [
[
"hostility",
"hostility"
],
[
"against",
"against"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In defence against."
],
"links": [
[
"defence",
"defence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In opposition to something, often for moral or philosophical reasons."
],
"links": [
[
"opposition",
"opposition"
],
[
"moral",
"moral"
],
[
"philosophical",
"philosophical"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Placed in physical proximity to; abutting."
],
"links": [
[
"proximity",
"proximity"
],
[
"abutting",
"abutting"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"In the presence of."
],
"links": [
[
"presence",
"presence"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Facing towards something."
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"On the topic of; concerning."
],
"links": [
[
"topic",
"topic"
],
[
"concerning",
"concerning"
]
]
}
],
"word": "toyenes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English conjunctions",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"2": "ang",
"3": "tōgeagnes"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝennes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝaines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝæines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
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{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
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},
"expansion": "toyenes",
"name": "head"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "adv",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"As part of an exchange; in reply, in return."
],
"links": [
[
"exchange",
"exchange"
],
[
"reply",
"reply"
],
[
"return",
"return"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"Prior to; before."
],
"links": [
[
"before",
"before"
]
]
}
],
"word": "toyenes"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English adverbs",
"Middle English conjunctions",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English prepositions",
"Middle English terms derived from Old English",
"Middle English terms inherited from Old English",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries"
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
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"1": "enm",
"2": "ang",
"3": "tōgeagnes"
},
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"name": "inh"
}
],
"etymology_text": "From Old English tōgeagnes, tōgēanes.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "toyens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyans",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toyeans",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝens",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝennes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝaines",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝæines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeinst",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togenes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toganes",
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"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togænes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tojanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "tegenes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝeines",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "togeanes",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenste",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "toȝenst",
"tags": [
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]
}
],
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},
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],
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"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "conj",
"related": [
{
"word": "toayens"
},
{
"word": "toyen"
}
],
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"Until."
],
"links": [
[
"Until",
"until"
]
]
}
],
"word": "toyenes"
}
Download raw JSONL data for toyenes meaning in Middle English (6.5kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2025-02-22 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2025-02-02 using wiktextract (9e2b7d3 and f2e72e5). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.